Population No more a ticking Bomb For China: How did they do it?

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 Population No more a ticking Bomb For China: How did they do it?

 


For the first time in sixty years, China has experienced a decrease in population due to its negative population growth. The national birth rate has dropped to a historic low of 6.77 per 1,000 people, 7.52 lower than in 2021. At the same time, the total population in 2022 was 1.4118 billion, a decrease of 850,000 from 2021. The one-child policy, which was in effect until seven years ago, is thought to be one of the contributing factors to the decreasing birth rate. This has resulted in China officially entering a 'period of negative population growth'. The birth rate in the United States and the United Kingdom were 11.06 and 10.08 per 1,000 people, respectively, in 2021. India, which is predicted to be the most populous country in the world in the future, recorded a birth rate of 16.42 percent in 2021. This data shows a stark contrast with the numbers of births in China, which has experienced a dramatic decline in the past few years due to its negative population growth.



For the first time last year, China's birth rate outpaced the death rate.

In 2021, the death rate in China rose to its highest level since 1976, standing at 7.37 deaths per 1,000 people compared to the previous year's 7.18 percent. Government data revealed a demographic crisis in the country, with a slowing population growth rate and an ageing population, which would reduce its labor force and put greater strain on its health system and social security institutions. Yoo Soo, principal economist at the Economist Intelligence Unit, commented that "this trend will continue and probably worsen after Covid". Xu is among experts expecting the population to shrink further by 2023 due to youth unemployment and lower incomes, which could lead to further delays in marriage and childbearing. He also predicted that the death rate in 2023 due to Covid will be much higher than before.

Since abandoning its zero-covid policy last month, China has experienced a revival of Covid cases. This is a direct consequence of the nation's one-child policy, which was enforced from 1979 to 2016 in order to reduce its population growth. Those who violated the rule were either fined or lost their jobs, and it is argued that the policy led to a higher rate of forced abortions and a shift in the gender ratio. The Chinese government has taken steps to counter the declining birth rate by providing tax breaks and better healthcare for pregnant women, yet these measures have not had the desired effect. Analysts suggest that this could be due to inadequate support for mothers who are working, or a lack of access to education.

At the Communist Party's five-yearly gathering in Beijing, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced in October 2022 that his government was going to take an active role in tackling the problem of a declining birth rate. Busarawan Teravichainen, director of the National University of Singapore's Center for Family and Population Research, asserted that in addition to offering incentives for having children, China should also strive to ensure greater gender equality in both families and the workplace, citing Scandinavian countries as examples of his point. Paul Cheung, Singapore's former chief statistician, was of the opinion that China had "a lot of manpower" and "a lot of time" to address the population challenge.

Stewart Gittlebaston, a professor of public policy at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, stated that even though there is no emergency, simply increasing the birth rate will not solve the issue of China's slow growth. He added that increasing population will not enhance productivity or stimulate domestic consumption and that resolving structural problems is more essential.

Works cited and further readings:

1. "China's Birth Rate Outpaces Death Rate For First Time in 2018." South China Morning Post, South China Morning Post, 8 Feb. 2019, www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/2185067/chinas-birth-rate-outpaces-death-rate-first-time-2018.

2. "China's Birth Rate Outstrips Death Rate for First Time in 2018." Reuters, Thomson Reuters, 8 Feb. 2019, www.reuters.com/article/us-china-demographics/chinas-birth-rate-outstrips-death-rate-for-first-time-in-2018-idUSKCN1PW1U1.

3. Zhang, Jia. "China's Birth Rate Outpaces Death Rate For First Time in 2018." Global Times, 8 Feb. 2019, www.globaltimes.cn/content/1139700.shtml

Comments

  1. Safoora ZiaJanuary 18, 2023 at 11:56 AM

    The world's most populous country hit a historic turning point.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. eatabookJanuary 19, 2023 at 12:52 AM

      One Child Policy is being amended due to the fact that it- and a lot of other rigid policies- have caused the Chinese pop is shrink. They have the huge and cheap manpower/labour in the world, which is at stake.

      Delete

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